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Date:
2023-10-10
Authors:
Karina Doorley
Jan Gromadzki
Piotr Lewandowski
Dora Tuda
Philippe Van Kerm
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Automation and income inequality in Europe
We study the effects of robot penetration on household income inequality in 14 European countries between 2006–2018. We find that, similarly to the United States, automation reduced relative hourly wages and employment of directly affected European demographic groups. We then use the estimated wage and employment shocks as input to the EUROMOD microsimulation model to assess how robot-driven shocks affected household income inequality. Automation had tiny effects on income inequality. Transfers played a key role in cushioning the transmission of these shocks to household incomes.
Date:
2020-05-09
Authors:
Piotr Lewandowski
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Occupational exposure to contagion and the spread of COVID-19 in Europe
Social contacts are a key transmission channel of infectious diseases spread by the respiratory or close-contact route, such as COVID-19. There is no evidence, however, on the question of whether the nature and the organisation of work affect the spread of COVID-19 in different countries. I have developed a methodology to measure country-specific levels of occupational exposure to contagion driven by social contacts. I combined six indicators based on Occupation Information Network (O*NET) and the European Working Condition Survey (EWCS) data.
Date:
2017-04-11
Authors:
Piotr Lewandowski
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The changing nature of jobs in Central and Eastern Europe
Job polarization can pose serious problems for emerging economies that rely on worker reallocation from low-skilled to middle-skilled jobs to converge toward advanced economies. Evidence from Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries shows that structural change and education expansion can prevent polarization, as they enable a shift from manual to cognitive work and prevent the “hollowing out” of middle-skilled jobs. However, in CEE countries they have also led to a high routine cognitive content of jobs, which makes such jobs susceptible to automation and computerization in the future.